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Page 18 of 19, showing 20 record(s) out of 367 total

Evolution et extinction des reptiles marins au cours du Mésozoïque.
Nathalie Bardet Logo
Published online: 02/10/1995

Keywords: Crocodiles; evolution; Extinctions; faunal assemblages; Helveticosaurs; Hupehsuchians; Ichthyoaurs; lizards; Marine Reptiles; Mesozoic; Nothosaurs; Pachypleurosaurs; Placodonts; Plesiosaurs; Snakes; Thalattosaurs; Turnovers; Turtles

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.24.3-4.177-283

  Abstract

    An interpretation of the marine reptile fossil record, based on the existing litterature and complemented by the review of ancient collections and the study of new material, permits a better understanding of Mesozoic marine ecosystems. An inventory of the marine reptiles known from the Lower Triassic to the Paleocene is presented: 46 families, about 200 genera and 400 species have been recorded. This data base includes commentaries about systematics, stratigraphical ranges and geographical distribution of taxa. Marine reptiles include a mosaic of not necessarily closely related groups: ichthyosaurs, thalattosaurs, hupehsuchians, pachypleurosaurs, placodonts, nothosaurs, plesiosaurs, pliosaurs but also crocodiles, lizards, snakes, turtles. The diversity studies reveal that the fossil record of marine reptiles has been punctuated by two mass extinctions, during the Middle-Upper Triassic transition and at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. The Jurassic-Cretaceous and Cenomanian-Turonian boundaries (the latter marked by the disappearance of ichthyosaurs) are potential crisis periods, but current data are not sufficient to reach conclusions. The Ladinian-Carnian transition is characterized by the disappearance of 64 % of families and affects essentially coastal forms. This extinction coincides with an important regressive phase. During the Upper Triassic, a faunal reorganisation within marine reptiles leads to the progressive disappearance of near-shore forms and to the development of pelagic groups. During the Maastrichtian-Danian crisis, 36% of families died out. Large-sized pelagic forms such as mosasaurs and elasmosaurs were the most affected and their extinction seems to have been rather sudden. On the other hand, pliosaurs and protostegid turtles became extinct, but were already declining. The survivors were near-shore forms such as crocodiles, snakes and some turtles and they may have taken refuge in freshwater environments. A break in the food chain based on phytoplankton is proposed as an extinction scenario for pelagic forms.

      


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Published in Vol. 24, Fasc. 3-4 (1995)

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Analyse d'ouvrage : Koobi Fora Research Project, volume 3. The fossil ungulates: geology, fossil artiodactyls, and palaeoenvironments, édité par John Michael HARRIS, 1991. Clarendon Press, Oxford, xvi + 384 p. ISBN 0-19-857399-5.
Jean Sudre
Published online: 11/02/1993

Keywords: Artiodactyls; palaeovenvironments; Ungulates

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.22.2-3.138-139

  Abstract

    Avec ce volume se clôture l'étude géologique et paléontologique des sites à hominidés de Koobi Fora. Il fait suite aux deux précédents ouvrages, parus respectivement en 1978 et 1983, consacrés également à l'étude des faunes recueillies sur ces gisements dans le cadre du Koobi Fora Research Project. 


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Published in Vol. 22, Fasc. 2-3 (1993)

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Les Ischyrictis de la transition Vindobonien-Vallésien
Miquel Crusafont i Pairó
Published online: 15/09/1972

Keywords: Ischyrictis; Mustelidae

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.5.5.253-260

  Abstract

    Le groupe des Mustélides « Ischyrictoïdes » développe des tendances évolutives qu’engendrent des formes de Carnassiers prédateurs robustes et de grande taille. C’est une évolution comparable à celle que l’on trouve chez Plesiogulo, qui, lui, a une origine énigmatique (Petter, 1963). Chez les Mustélides on peut signaler deux lignées assez nettes : celle du sous-genre nominal des Laphyctis, plus conservatrice, plus mustéliforme, renfermant les espèces Ischyrictis (Laphyctis) mustelinus VIRET et L. zibethoides BLAINVILLE ; celle de type félinoïde caractérisée par L. Ginsburg (1961) avec la forme type Ischyrictis (Hoplicitis) florancei du Vindobonien inférieur de Pontlevoy-Thenay et I. helbingi VIRET, 1951 du Vindobonien supérieur de la Grive Saint-Alban. De plus rappelons que I. vorax DEHM et I. comitans DEHM du Burdigalien de Wintershof-West sont sans rapport avec les espèces du Miocène supérieur (Ginsburg, o.c.).

    Récemment G. Petter (o.c.) a montré la difficulté qu’il y avait à envisager que l’Ischyrictis de Can Llobateres qu’elle décrivait puisse être le descendant de Ischyrictis helbingi de La Grive : la forme plus récente est évidemment de plus grande taille, mais le développement très marqué et la position avancée du protocône paraissent constituer un obstacle à une telle filiation.

    Donc on signalait jusqu’ici deux lignées de Mustélides « ischyrictoïdes » toutes deux de grande taille : d’une part I. zibethoides de Sansan, d’autre part I. helbingi de la Grive. Or à notre point de vue nous considérons actuellement qu’il existe très probablement trois phyla d’Ischyrictis. Le premier serait représenté par les formes burdigaliennes déjà nommées I. vorax et I. comitans ; il se caractériserait par la perte précoce de la P₁ inférieure et la forme spéciale de la canine inférieure. Ce premier ensemble pourrait être rassemblé dans le sous-genre Laphyctis. Le reste des ischyrictoïdes de type conservateur, pour ce qui est de la région des prémolaires et de la forme de la canine, pourrait être subdivisé en deux sous-genres : le sous-genre Ischyrictis désignant les formes les plus mustéliformes avec I. mustelinus et I. zibethoides d’une part, et le sous-genre Hoplicitis pour les formes félinoïdes avec I. florancei et I. helbingi


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Published in Vol. 05, Fasc. 5 (1972)

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A primitive Emballonurid bat (Chiroptera, Mammalia) from the Earliest Eocene of England
Jerry J. Hooker
Published online: 16/12/1996

Keywords: bats; Early Eocene; Emballonuridae; Origins; PHYLOGENY

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.2-4.287-300

  Abstract

    A new genus, Eppsillycteris, is erected for Adapisorex? allglicus COOPER, 1932, from the earliest Eocene Blackheath Beds of Abbey Wood, London, England. Various derived character states indicate that it belongs to the order Chiroptera (bats) rather than to the extinct "insectivore" family Adapisoricidae. Other derived character states are shared with fossil and modern members of the family Emballonuridae. Placement of the new genus in this family extends the record of the Emballonuridae back in time by about 10 million years. It is the earliest record of a modern bat family and one of the earliest bats. This implies that the differentiation of at least some modern bat families took place in the Palaeocene, where no authenticated records of bats yet exist. The primitive characters of the earliest bats make the family Nyctitheriidae an unlikely stem group for the order Chiroptera. A tentative plausible alternative exists in some unnamed upper molars from the Palaeocene of Walbeck, Germany. Wyollycteris chalix, described as a bat from the Late Palaeocene of Wyoming, U,S.A., fits better in the family Nyctitheriidae. 


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Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 2-4 (1996)

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Palaeotis weigelti restudied : a small middle Eocene Ostrich (Aves : Struthioniformes)
Peter Houde Logo and Hartmut Haubold
Published online: 20/06/1987

Keywords: Aves; Central Europe; Middle Eocene; Palaeotis; Struthioniformes

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.17.2.27-42

  Abstract

    Palaeotis weigelti, from the Middle Eocene of central Europe, is a flightless, paleognathous bird. It appears to be a member of the ostrich lineage on the basis of trivial derived characters. It is a very primitive ratite, however, and does not possess any of the highly specialized cursorial adaptations that characterize the modern steppe -and savanna- dwelling ostriches. 


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Published in Vol. 17, Fasc. 2 (1987)

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Book review : Dr. Robert R. REISZ, 1986.  Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology,  Volume: 17A: Pelycosauria.
Jean-Yves Crochet
Published online: 20/06/1987

Keywords: Book review; Paleoherpetology

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.17.2.75-76

  Abstract

    L’Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology, Part 17A : Pelycosauria de Robert R. Reisz (1986) offre une synthèse complète des synapsides les plus primitifs et les plus anciens, essentiels pour comprendre l’évolution précoce de ce groupe majeur de vertébrés. L’ouvrage commence par un historique, suivi d’une analyse ostéologique détaillée du crâne, du squelette axial et appendiculaire. 


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Published in Vol. 17, Fasc. 2 (1987)

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Die Referenzfauna des Geiseltalium, MP levels 11 bis 13 (Mitteleozan, Lutetium)
Hartmut Haubold
Published online: 04/12/1989

Keywords: Eocene; Geiseltal; Land mammal ages; Mammalian reference levels

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.19.3.81-93

  Abstract

    The Middle Eocene Fossillägerstätte of the Geiseltal lignite beds near Halle/S. (German Democratic Republic) is the reference locality of the European land mammal age Geiseltalian and of the Mammalian Paleogene reference levels MP 11 - MP 13. Due to this importance a reinvestigation is given of the lithostratigraphical development of the Geiseltal beds and of their vertebrate sites. The last are genetically related to the southwest border of the Geiseltal depression and the influx of carbonate-rich waters. The geographical distribution and stratigraphical position of the fossiliferous sites depends on subrosive and tectonically controlled distribution of coal seams. The geological factors and the known stratigraphical guide of some mammalian species suggest corrections of the age of some sites. Four of the alltogether five coal bearing phases contain the 35 sites with mammalian remains. By the distribution of the around 69 mammal species are characterized, with 5 faunal steps ranging from MP 11 to MP 14 or over the Geiseltalian up to the Lower Robiacian. Well distant are the faunas of MP 11 and MP 12. Beginning with MP 12 up to MP 13/14, the fossil record is very frequent by 27 sites. This evidence coincides somewhat more with the concept of land mammal ages compared to that of the punctual mammalian reference levels. 


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Published in Vol. 19, Fasc. 3 (1989)

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New records of the pantodont Archaeolambda from the Paléocène of southern China
Suyin Ting, Judith A. Schiebout and Jianjian Zheng
Published online: 16/12/1996

Keywords: Archaeolambda; China; Paleocene; Pantodont

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.2-4.125-132

  Abstract

    Two new finds of pantodont materials from southern China, assigned to Archaeolambda, are described in this paper. One, a new species from the Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province, is similar to Alcidedorbignya inopinata from the early Paleocene of Tiupampa, Bolivia in size. It provides reliable evidence of the occurrence of Archaeolambda in the early-middle Paleocene of southern China. The second find includes specimens of Archaeolambda sp. cf. A. planicanina from the ?late Paleocene of Hengyang Basin, Hunan Province, which are the first record of a fossil mammal from the area near Hengyang city. The only vertebrate fossils previously found here were two genera of crocodiles discovered in 1938. This find sheds new light on the local biostratigraphy. 


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Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 2-4 (1996)

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Palaecarcharodon orientalis (Sinzow) (Neoselachii : Cretoxyrhinidae), from the Paleocene of maryland, USA.
Gerard R. Case
Published online: 15/09/1989

Keywords: Maryland; Palaeocarcharodon; Paleocene; Selachian; Systematics; U.S.A.

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.19.1.1-6

  Abstract

    Recent collecting of fossil vertebrate remains from the lowermost member of the Aquia Formation (Paleocene), has enabled me to report here for the very fIrst time, the earliest occurrence for the teeth of Palaeocarcharodon in the fossil record of the New World.
    This report represents only one species of neoselachian from this locality, the remaining fauna of which will subsequently be described. 


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Published in Vol. 19, Fasc. 1 (1989)

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Nouvelle interprétation de l'évolution du genre Megacricetodon au cours du Miocène
Jean-Pierre Aguilar
Published online: 01/10/1980

Keywords: Megacricetodon; Micromammals; Miocene

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.9.ext.355-364

  Abstract

    La découverte de nouveaux gisements à micromammifères dans le Miocène du Sud de la France et d'Espagne montre que, s'il n'est plus possible d'accepter dans son intégralité le schéma phylétique de Fahlbusch du genre Megacricetodon, il existe toutefois des segments de lignées à l'intérieur de provinces géographiques différentes (Péninsule Ibérique, France, Europe Centrale), avec lesquels on peut établir une biochronologie locale, segments qu'il est aussi possible de placer les uns par rapport aux autres, en utilisant les corrélations que l'on peut reconnaître entre certains niveaux repères des mammalogistes et l'échelle stratigraphique marine.
    En utilisant ces données nouvelles, et d'après l'étude de la première molaire inférieure, nous proposons le
    schéma évolutif suivant, pour les espèces de grande taille :

    1 - au début du Burdigalien supérieur. une espèce commune, M. collongensis, issue de la forme ancestrale M. primitivus, est présente, de la Péninsule Ibérique à l'Europe Centrale. Son évolution est mal connue en Espagne, par contre cette lignée s'éteindrait en France au Burdigalien terminal avec le stade M. gersii nov. sp. de Sansan et de Luc-sur-Orbieu.
    2 - au cours de la régression post-burdigalienne. reconnue en Languedoc et dans la Péninsule Ibérique apparaîtrait une espèce immigrante, M. crusafonti qui, dans cette dernière province, évolue pour donner M. ibericus de Nombrevilla. L'espèce M. gregarius de La Grive M et de La Grenatière dériverait de cette forme immigrants, en ayant une évolution différente.
    3 - en Suisse, Bavière et Europe centrale, la lignée M. primitivus - M. collongensis va s'individualiser, dès le Burdigalien supérieur ou terminal, et donner naissance à la lignée M. bavaricus qui s'éteindra avec le stade M. germanicus nov. sp. du gisement anté - Hipparion de Anwil. Cette dernière espèce a été trouvée pour la première fois en France, dans le gisement de Collet Redon. 


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Published in Vol. 9, Ext (1980)

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Description des restes d'Elasmobranches (Pisces) du Dévonien moyen de Bolivie
Philippe Janvier Logo
Published online: 01/02/1977

Keywords: South America

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.7.4.126-132

  Abstract

    Some fragmentary remains of spines and endoskeletal elements, referred here to as ctenacanthid like elasmobranchs, are recorded in the Middle Devonian of Bolivia. These specimens, and some others from the Eodevonian of Brasil represent the only  Devonian fish remains hitherto known from South America and indicate that further discoveries may be made in their original localities respectively.
      


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Published in Vol. 07, Fasc. 4 (1977)

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Analyse d'ouvrage : "Mammoths, mastodonts & elephants. biology, behavior and the fossil record. Gary HAYNES, 1992. Cambridge University Press, New York, xii + 413 p., ISBN 0-521-38435-4"
Jean-Loup Welcomme
Published online: 11/02/1993

Keywords: Elephants; Mammoths; Mastodonts

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.22.2-3.137-139

  Abstract

    L'ouvrage est divisé en trois grandes parties traitant successivement: I. l'anatomie ("Proboscidean flesh and bones"), en abordant la taxonomie, l'allure générale et l'éco-éthologie des proboscidiens actuels et fossiles; II. les causes de mortalité collective naturelle et provoquée chez les actuels; III. les documents fossiles et l'extinction des formes anciennes d'Amérique du Nord. 


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Published in Vol. 22, Fasc. 2-3 (1993)

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Dilambodont Molars :a functional interpretation of their evolution
Percy M. Butler
Published online: 16/12/1996

Keywords: Convergent evolution; Dilambdodont; Molar function; Molar teeth

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.2-4.205.213

  Abstract

    In dilambdodont molars the primitive crest between paracone and metacone (centrocrista) is represented by a pair of crests that join the mesostyle (postparacrista, premetacrista). The cutting action of these crests against the crests of the hypoconid is described. Dilambdodonty is a derived adaptation for greater cutting efficiency. It has evolved several times and in more than one way. 


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Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 2-4 (1996)

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Paleobiology of Messel Erinaceomorphs
Gerhard Storch
Published online: 16/12/1996

Keywords: Erinaceomorpha; Germany; Grube Messel; Lipotyphla; Middle Eocene; Paleobiology

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.2-4.215-224

  Abstract

    Three erinaceomorph species are known from the early Middle Eocene of Grube Messel near Darmstadt, Germany, which are referred to the family Amphilemuridae. Pholidocercus hassiacus, Macrocranion tupaiodon, and Macrocranion tenerum showed extraordinary adaptations to their different life strategies, and several of their specializations are unknown among living insectivores. Pholídocercus was a well-defended robust animal with an opportunistic feeding strategy. Macrocraníon zupaiodon was a slender forest floor-dweller with saltatorial specializations to escape from predators; fishes were the preferred component of its omnivorous diet. Macrocranion tenerum exhibited a combination of both survival strategies, extremely elongated hind limbs for rapid and even ricochetal flight and a spiny exterior as an effective protective device; it was probably specialized for feeding on ants. Thus, closely related, omnivorous-insectivorous forest floor-dwellers could exploit the Messel ecosystem. 


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Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 2-4 (1996)

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Fossil mammals and the age of the changxindian formation, Northeastern China
Spencer G. Lucas
Published online: 16/12/1996

Keywords: Changxindian Formation; China; Eocene; Fossil mammals

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.2-4.133-140

  Abstract

    Re-evaluation of the small collection of mammal fossils from the Changxindian Formation near Beijing, China indicates the following taxa are present: Eutheria, Hypsimilus beifingensis, cf. Miacis sp., Anthracotheriidae and Forstercooperia grandis. The presence of Forstercooperia grandis indicates an Irdinmanhan age and does not support previous assignment of a Sharamurunian age to the Changxindian Formation. 


  PV article infos

Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 2-4 (1996)

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Saturnin Garimond (1914-1987)
Jean-Albert Remy
Published online: 15/11/1987

Keywords: biography

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.17.3.151-154

  Abstract

    Saturnin Garimond (1914-1987), naturaliste autodidacte né à Fons-outre-Gardon dans le Gard, a marqué la paléontologie et l'archéologie régionale par sa passion précoce pour les sciences naturelles. Quittant l'école à 10 ans, il s'instruit seul et explore inlassablement la garrigue, découvrant des sites préhistoriques dès 1930. Collaborant avec Camille Hugues, il fouille de nombreux gisements, dont la grotte de la Verrerie à Montmirat, révélant un outillage moustérien et des restes de néandertaliens. En 1961, il rejoint le Laboratoire de Paléontologie de Montpellier dirigé par Louis Thaler, contribuant à des fouilles majeures comme celle du gisement de Fons 4. En 1965, il permet la découverte du premier mammifère mésozoïque de France au gisement de Champ-Garimond. Membre de la Société Géologique de France, son érudition et sa collaboration ont enrichi de nombreuses recherches. Homme simple et affable, il a marqué tous ceux qui l'ont connu par son enthousiasme et ses connaissances encyclopédiques. 


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Published in Vol. 17, Fasc. 3 (1987)

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Acinoptèrygiens du Stéphanien de Montceau-les-Mines (Saône-et-Loire, France).
Daniel Heyler and Cécile Poplin
Published online: 30/09/1983

Keywords: Aeduelliforms; Biogeography; Palaeonisciforms; paramblypteriforms; Stephanien

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.13.3.33-50

  Abstract

    The study of new specimens from the Stephanian shales of Montceau-les-Mines confirms and enlarges the number of groups already known in this area. Among the Palaeonisciforms, “form A" is now known more completely, although no diagnosis or name can yet be given for it. “Form B" is redescribed and its relationships with “Elonichthys robisoni" are discussed. A palaeoniscid is recorded which resembles those from Bourbon l'Archambault. The paramblypteriforms occur rather frequently, but no genera can be determined. The aeduelliforms comprise some specimens close to Aeduella blainvíllei from Muse (Autun basin), and a new genus. Comparison of the latter with two fossils from Lally allows creation of two new species and a new family. This diversification of the aeduelliforms during this middle Stephanian leads to the hypothesis that the group originated at least as early the lower Stephanian. This material prooves again the characteristic endemism of this fauna, particularly of the aeduelliforms which are known only in the Massif Central where they diversified during the Permo-Carboniferous. Biogeographical consequences are discussed. 


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Published in Vol. 13, Fasc. 3 (1983)

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Un nouveau chiroptère vespertilionide de l'Oligocène d'Europe
Bernard Sigé and Henri Menu
Published online: 17/12/1992

Keywords: bats; Europe; nov. sp.; Oligocene; Vespertilionid

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.22.1.45-48

  Abstract

    A fossil species of the extant genus Leuconoe, L. lavocati n. sp. from Le Garouillas Oligocene locality, Quercy phosphorites, SW-France, is established in nomenclatural standards. 


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Published in Vol. 22, Fasc. 1 (1992)

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This review critiques the third edition (1986) of The Animals (Systematische Zoologie), a descriptive zoology textbook first published in 1976. The book focuses on morphology, taxonomy, and basic anatomy of animal groups, with occasional notes on distribution, habits, and economic/medical significance.
Leigh M. Van Valen
Published online: 15/04/1986

Keywords: Book review; Systematics

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.16.1.55

  Abstract

    THE ANIMALS. Systematische Zoologie by A. REMANE, V. STORCH, and U. WELSCH. 1986, Edition 3. Cloth and paperbound. Stuttgart and New York : Gustav Fischer Verlag. xvi + 698 pp. DM 86. (Geb.) & DM 72 (kart.). 


  PV article infos

Published in Vol. 16, Fasc. 1 (1986)

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Analyse d'ouvrage: “M. ARSENAULT, H. LELIÈVRE & P. JANVIER (Eds.): Etudes sur les vertébrés inférieurs — VII e Symposium International, Parc de Miguasha, Québec, 9- 22 Juin 1991 (1994)”
Alain Blieck
Published online: 18/03/1996

Keywords: Book review

https://doi.org/10.18563/pv.25.1.51-53

  Abstract

    Etude sur les vertébrés inférieurs (VIIe Symposium International, Parc de Miguasha, Québec, 9-22 Juin 1991), édité par Marius ARSENAULT, Hervé LELlÈVRE & Philippe JANVIER, 1994. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 4e Série, T. 17, Section C, n° 1-4, 529 p.

    Ce volume spécial du Bulletin du Muséum réunit les actes du congrès international sur les Vertébrés inférieurs qui s'est tenu au Québec en 1991. 


  PV article infos

Published in Vol. 25, Fasc. 1 (1996)

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Page 18 of 19, showing 20 record(s) out of 367 total